Not an answer, but just some additional info.
I tried running the EmoApp from here (replacing the text to be rendered with the string from Basil's question):
On OS X (Intel) 14.6.1 with JDK 22.0.2 and JavaFX 22.0.2.
And got this output when rendering with various fonts:
None of the renderings provided the expected output provided in Basil's question for all text.