After trying through below troubleshooting, I was able to resolve the issue. Solution listed at number (4).

1. Ensure all the Expo dependencies are updated to latest version. $ npx expo install --fix
2. Capture "exceptions" via Android Studio Logcat.
3. Referred the link below, which was exhibiting the same crash behavior seen in my case, which was after installing expo-camera module. However, in this case the build was failing while my app build was successful. expo-camera module breaks bare React Native app

Note that I did implement the steps mentioned by @G26bandit in the above link, since they were already a part of the "app build tutorial" i was following. They are still in place.

4. Run ./gradlew clean in your "Project/android" folder ( Uses your project's gradle wrapper to execute your project's clean task. Usually, this just means the deletion of the build directory i.e Project/android/app/build directory. )

Now, simply run the node server $ npm start reset-cache

And run the app $ npm run android

I am glad that the issue has been resolved. Hope this is helpful to others.