You cannot import the pipe by itself, you must import the TranslateModule.
If you want to avoid having to import the TranslateModule for every component, you can import it into a shared module, and then import the shared module in your components. Surely there are other modules that you will also import for every component, so this at least cuts down on the repetition.
Checkout this existing answer for more info: https://stackoverflow.com/a/42082278/1892543