I encountered this issue on Windows 11 Pro 23H2 while installing Oracle Server Free 23ai (23.6).

In my case, it was simply a permission issue created by the installer. I found that my ORACLE_BASE folder was created and owned by SYSTEM without Local Administrators having write access. I ended up changing the owner of that folder to Local Administrators without inheritability. After which, the installation proceeded successfully.

In both cases, I ran setup as a Local Administrator.