I came across some related threads that discuss this issue (see end of answer). It seems to have something to do with the node alpine image.
For me, a temporary fix was to avoid using the node:alpine image. Instead, I switched to another lightweight version, such as node:20-slim. This resolved the issue for me.
Note: While this approach works, the downside is that the resulting Docker image is larger compared to using Alpine.
Possible related threads: