To solve this problem, you need to check the definition and use of the escape function. Make sure that it is called correctly and that it can handle the incoming string parameters. In addition, this part of the code coloror =','. Join (data ['color'] for data in product_data) looks like an attempt to concatenate multiple colors into a string. In general, first focus on checking whether the escape function is used correctly, and then see if there are any errors in the way the parameters associated with it are passed.