you can split the table and then render the document with two columns like this:

---
title: "My Table"
format: pdf
    
---

```{r}
#| echo: false
#| warning: false
#| layout-ncol: 2 # leave this part, if you want your subtables below each other :)

library(tidyverse)
library(gt)

ten_wide <- tribble(
  ~a, ~b, ~c, ~d, ~e, ~f, ~g, ~h, ~i, ~j,
  "alpha", "bravo", "charlie", "delta", "echo", "foxtrot", "gulf", "hotel", "india", "juliet",
  "alpha", "bravo", "charlie", "delta", "echo", "foxtrot", "gulf", "hotel", "india", "juliet",
)

gt(ten_wide[, 1:5]) 
gt(ten_wide[, 6:10])

```

which generates: