Consider brew info --json https://docs.brew.sh/Manpage#info-abv-options-formulacask-

brew info --json openssl@3 | jq -r '.[0].ruby_source_path'

[
 {
    "ruby_source_path": "Formula/o/[email protected]",
    "ruby_source_checksum": {
      "sha256": "7a1131cdb5cb92b8b659c0de4c9b3a3031adf38737553e72eb51e43546ab9ef6"
    }
  }
]

Though this is wrong after the sharding. correct is Formula/[email protected] and Aliases/openssl