I found out that a good combination of tools is using patchelf with gcompat:

Let's say I want python3 (and in extension pip) to run and detect libc

RUN apk --no-cache add gcompat libc6-compat libstdc++ patchelf
RUN patchelf --set-interpreter /lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $(which python3)

I took this idea from a thread, where jbwdevries commented about patchelf