Field.MarshalJSON calls Encoder.Encode to marshal the Field value. Encoder.Encode calls Field.MarshalJSON to marshal the Field. This repeats until the stack space is exceeded.
Break the recursion by declaring a new type without the MarshalJSON method. Convert the Field value to that new type and encode that value:
type x Field
if err := encoder.Encode(x(f)); err != nil {
return nil, err
}