I had a similar situation in which I kept getting the same error as you. I tried all of the same solutions. The only thing that worked was adding launchOptions: { args: ["--ignore-certificate-errors"] } to the individual browser objects. The suggestions in the Playwright docs didn't seem to help.

Full example with Chromium:

// playwright.config.ts

/* Configure projects for major browsers */
  projects: [
    {
      name: "chromium",
      use: {
        ...devices["Desktop Chrome"],
        launchOptions: {
          args: ["--ignore-certificate-errors"],
        },
      },
    },
  ],