My VS2022 was crashing repeatedly while debugging as well. Updating Microsoft Edge of all things fixed it. When I updated VS2022, it stopped working. Apparently the new version has a dependency on a newer version of the web viewer that comes with MS Edge. Apparently when an exception is thrown, it was triggering MS Edge to update itself. It'd fail and VS would crash. After manually updating edge, it started working again.

things that helped get there were...

1. running VS with its logger enabled by starting devenv with a /log "c:\temp\log.xml" as arguments. The errors here did point in the right direction, but they were blaming things other than edge.
2. Event logs showed a webview error and I connected the dots here that edge was involved...