Okay, finally figured this out too as the above answers didn't work for me. Based on the documentation here: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/authentication/end-user-installed

You can do:

const bigqueryClient = new BigQuery({
  projectId: <projectId>,
  credentials: {
    type: 'authorized_user',
    client_id: <client_id>,
    client_secret: <client_secret>,
    refresh_token: <refresh_token>,
  }
});