I think that Oracle Database Express Edition (XE) deployment on Ubuntu is not officially supported. Attempting to adapt the RPM package for use with dpkg or other methods can be a challenging process, and I don't believe it’s the recommended approach for this installation.

Instead, I recommend using a Docker container. With Docker, you can deploy the version of Oracle XE you need without issues, just as you would with any other software.

Here is a guide for deploying Oracle Express 21.3.0 on Ubuntu 22.04. This guide can be adapted to any version of Ubuntu or Oracle Express.

Using this method, you can also spin up the database whenever you need it without having it directly installed on your host machine. This approach is more portable, manageable, and avoids the complexities of unsupported installations.