After several weeks of troubleshooting, I discovered that the issue was related to Docker Desktop. While I couldn't pinpoint the exact cause, my research indicated that it might be linked to how Docker Desktop handles certain CPU features, specifically SVE (Scalable Vector Extension) and SSVE.

Here's a brief overview of what I tried:

1. Testing Different Environments:

   • Compiled various versions of GCC and GDB across different Docker distributions such as Arch, Debian Sid, and Alpine.
   • Attempted using LLDB instead of GDB.
   • Compiled the latest version of GDB to investigate issues related to SVE and SSVE management.

2. Solution with Rancher Desktop:

   • Switched to Rancher Desktop, configuring it to use VZ as an emulator with Rosetta support for x64 Docker containers.
   • Utilized VirtioFS as the Volume Manager, which resolved the issues.

This setup allowed everything to function smoothly. Additionally, I was able to import all my images from Docker Desktop into Rancher Desktop without any problems.

Until Docker Desktop addresses this issue, using Rancher Desktop has been a successful workaround for me.