After further investigation, I found that the error was caused by an incorrect value in the component_config table. Specifically, the provider_id for the Keycloak AES encryption was mistakenly updated with an invalid value.
The correct provider_id should have been aes-generated, but it was replaced by an invalid value, causing the encryption key error.
Once I reverted the change and restored the correct value for the provider_id, the issue was resolved, and the Keycloak console page now loads without errors.
Thanks for read!