The Exchange Server could not be re-joined to the domain with the error message "The service cannot accept control messages at this time" due to the failure of stopping specific Exchange Services.

The 'NetSetup.Log' file mentioned the MSExchangeThrottling service could not be stopped. As the Exchange Server was not running for an extended period of time, the computer account lost the trust relationship with the domain, and therefore Exchange Server was also impacted.

The trick to re-join the domain apparently was also impacted because the impacted Exchange Services could not be stopped, as mentioned in the NetSetup.Log file.

The solution/workaround is to disable the Exchange Services, restart the computer, and then re-join the domain.