I have seen the same problem with Oracle DB 21c XE, although the apparent corrupted string is slightly different. For me it was:

TNS-01153: Failed to process string: ╨α)ò:☻

So far I have rebooted the remote VM hosting the database and found that I could then connect using EZConnect (ip4:1521/XE) but the listener is still not working.

I'm failing to remote onto the machine just now due to another reason. I will connect later and use Oracle Net Configuration Assistant to try to reconfigure the existing listener.