Hope my experience can help.

Here is my scenario. I have VS2022 with SSDT. My SSIS project work properly and able to hit Breakpoint of Script task. However, it failed to start after upgraded to VS2022 V17.13.2. I have tried all solutions mentioned above, but still not able to start the debugging in VS2002.

Finally, I solve it by uninstall the SSIS Extension and reinstall it again. The breakpoint in Script task can be hit again in debugging mode. Here is the steps:

1. Start VS2022 and click "Continue without code"
2. Click "Extensions" and "Manage Extensions"
3. Find "SQL Server Integration Services Project 2022" in "Installed", and then click "Uninstall"
4. Restart computer
5. Start VS2022 and go to "Manage Extensions" again
6. Search "SQL Server Integration Services Project 2022" in "Browse"
7. Click "Install", download latest SSDT and install again.

Hope this solution can help. Good luck.