Like Ondro suggested, adding the <context-param> to web.xml was necessary:
<context-param>
<param-name>jakarta.faces.FACELETS_LIBRARIES</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/example.taglib.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
But in addition also modifying @FacesConfig of DataList.java:
@FacesComponent(value = "com.example.component.DataList")
public class DataList extends UIData {
Otherwise DataList still couldn't be found.