Are you by any chance using adb via wifi?

I'm using the same setup as yours and I found that to be the culprit. In fact, I think it's an issue with adb itself and not Godot, since I get freezes if I try to manually install an apk via adb install (though maybe Godot could better handle this, as I suspect it waits for adb indefinitely instead of giving it a timeout).

Solution for me was to disconnect the device via adb disconnect <ip> and then connecting the device via USB.