Following up on David Koloski's answer, it appears that in the latest Win11 updates, Microsoft has given feature #41799415 the highest priority (so-called ImageOverride priority) -- meaning that they think it's such a fabulous bit of code that it shouldn't be disabled, even though it still causes the same problems as ever.

So after a lot of hunting around, I came up with another way to disable the feature, since ViveTool wasn't doing the trick any more: In regedit, I navigated to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\ShellHandwriting, and then set the EnabledState value to 0x0. After a reboot, the crashing stopped. The cost is that my computer is no longer able to accept handwriting with a pen in EDIT controls - a pretty negligible cost for most users I'd say...