To access services running on your host computer in the emulator, run adb -e reverse tcp:8080 tcp:8080. This will allow you to access it on 127.0.0.1:8080 in the emulator.
adb -e reverse tcp:8080 tcp:8080
127.0.0.1:8080
Adjust the protocol (here, TCP) and port (here, 8080) to your needs.