Buildpacks latest and 22 image does support node 22.x.x. For some reason, the auto cloud build setup uses the old V1 image. Link to builders https://cloud.google.com/docs/buildpacks/builders

You can change this by going to cloudbuild and find the trigger that's building your application. Click on the inline editor for cloudbuild yaml that's defined for you. You should see in a step the link to a v1 image change that with gcr.io/buildpacks/builder:google-22 and you should be good