There are many ways to do this. What you really need is a webserver to serve your content, in a way similar to production. And you have a lot of options: nginx, apache, etc.

But for something simpler you can even use a built-in php server.

Example: php -S localhost:8000 -t public (run that in the project server)

Before you do that though, there are some important steps:
- npm run build
Set these in .env:
APP_ENV=production
APP_DEBUG=false

You may also run these to optimize the server:
php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan view:cache