Sadly, supabase does not offer a feature like this. Therefore I build my own npm package for Supabas Auth, Databae, Storage and Realtime. You can use it to translate into 8 languages with English as fallback using the error codes.
Check it out https://www.npmjs.com/package/supabase-error-translator-js?activeTab=readme
It is built by me and is my own project.