According to ccordoba12:

we set a fixed value of 80 columns in our consoles by default to make some terminal libraries (like Rich and Colorama) work as expected.

However, setting that value automatically is not an easy task because the Spyder graphical interface and the kernel (i.e. the program that runs your code) live in different processes. So, we'd need to inform the kernel every time a change in width occurs in the console (and right now I'm not sure how we could that).

So, I'm afraid you'll have to continue setting display.width by hand for now. But we'll try address this in the future