Solution was to update my tsconfig file. I didn't think Metro relied on TS because I thought Metro and TypeScript resolution worked separately, but apparently the TS alias was essential for the Metro build. I think Metro relies on the tsconfig to resolve imports, so without it, Metro didn't understand the alias

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "baseUrl": ".",
    "paths": {
      "@outputs/*": ["../shared/*"]
    }
  },
  "include": ["src/**/*", "../shared/**/*"]
}