I know it is extremely late, but just incase someone finds this...

I guess it kind of depends. If you store it in the database you would have to load it when you needed it. This causes a "connection" to the database for the query which could in the long run slow down your server/code. (Very minimal, but still exists)

Potential use case where it would be useful to store in the database would be if you have a customizable website that needs each user/group to manage their own content and that content changes frequently.

I'd suggest using a .json file to store the language needed and then loading the specific file that represents the language needed or selected by the user. I.e. english.json, spanish.json, or mandarin.json. Each of these have the exact same array and just the values would be in a different language.

By doing this, you could allow the admin to download the file and change the strings they want to and then reupload.