The solution to this problem is described here and amounts at installing many optional packages.

vs_BuildTools install ; \
    --includeRecommended --includeOptional ; \
    --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.VCTools ; \
    --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.ATLMFC ; \
    --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.VisualStudioExtensionBuildTools ; \
    --quiet --norestart --nocache --wait