I found the root and solution of my problem. Since version 9 and higher, Android requires the use of HTTPS only. This policy is known as the "Network Security Configuration". To continue using HTTP, I should set "usesCleartextTraffic" to true. Unfortunately, on the Internet, I found old recommendations that suggest simply adding it to the app.json, and naturally, it didn't work. However, in the final version of the Expo, some changes were made. I should first install an expo-build-properties plugin and set usesCleartextTraffic to true in it.