This can be achieved with:

include:
  - component: $CI_SERVER_FQDN/$CI_COMPONENTS/container/build@0
    inputs:
      as: "Build container image"
      destinations:
        - "-t $DESTINATION:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA"

Build container image:
  parallel:
    matrix:
      - !reference [.COMPONENTS, matrix]
  rules: !reference [.build_rules, rules]
  artifacts:
    paths:
      - $COMPONENT/build.env