Have the same problem. Seems adding some xamarin translated NuGet packages have caused that. I do not know the drawback of this solution, but for me adding this line to the .csproj has solved the issue:

<PropertyGroup>
    <!-- everythin else above -->
    <AndroidAddKeepAlives>False</AndroidAddKeepAlives>
</PropertyGroup>

By default it is True for Release, according to MS Documentation. That is why it is not failing for Debug build.

Here is more doscussion on that woraround for defferent issue: https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/android-builds-giving-xa3001-error/1487364