You could also inline the compare directly if you prefer, see below:

enum State {
  A = "A",
  B = "B",
  C = "C"
}

const prio: [State, number][] = [
  [State.A, 23],
  [State.B, 2],
  [State.C, 5]
];

prio.sort((a, b) => b[1] - a[1]);
console.log(prio);