We can insert tables and charts as images using both the Office.js Common API and the PowerPoint API. However, the PowerPoint API offers more advantages since the inserted image can have all the properties of a shape.
What we need is simply a Base64 string. Using the example from https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/dev/add-ins/powerpoint/bind-shapes-in-presentation, we can fill any shape with the image we want to insert. Additionally, we can assign a name and ID to the shape, which is helpful for tracking the image later.