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The problem is that you are using the google.generativeai library which is the SDK for Google AI Studio and it is designed to us a simple API key. If you're using ADC then you need to use the Vertex AI SDK, googe-genai. This library is designed to automatically and securely use your environment's built-in service account.

I was able to get the following code to work:

pip install google-genai dotenv

import  os
from    dotenv       import load_dotenv
from    google.genai import Client

load_dotenv()
project_id = os.environ.get("PROJECT_ID")
location   = os.environ.get("LOCATION")
print(f"[info] project id = {project_id}, location = {location}")


client = Client(
    vertexai=True, project=project_id, location=location
)

model_name = "gemini-2.5-flash"
response   = client.models.generate_content(
    model=model_name,
    contents="Hello there.",
)
print(response.text)

client.close()

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