I created a new project using .Net 9 and followed this guide: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/xamarin/xamarin-forms/data-cloud/data/entity-framework and it works perfectly.

It seems a little anti-climactic but I believe the issues resolved around not knowing .Net 8 Maui was unsupported and I may have had some hodgepodge code because I was trying to many different remedies.