I got it working under Windows 11 and Android Studio. What my issue was is that my Flutter runs always standard with administrator and Chrome does not. I worked around this with the following:

1. In C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application I copied chrome.exe to chromeAdminRights.exe, because I don't want the original chrome itself run with admin rights for security reasons.

2. With right click on chromeAdminRights.exe I checked the box under --> properties / compatibility / change settings for all users / run this program as an administrator

3. I created a chrome.bat in my chosen folder Q:\flutter_projects\_chrome with the following contents:
   "C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chromeAdminRights.exe" --disable-web-security --user-data-dir="Q:\flutter_projects\_chrome\temp" %*

4. I set my system environment variable CHROME_EXECUTABLE=Q:\flutter_projects\_chrome\chrome.bat

5. Restart flutter and run debug chrome inside Android Studio.