The issue is that the windows security feature ASLR prevents these unix commands from working. They are not written with ASLR in mind so they break.

The simple fix is to reinstall git for windows. The final setting before you can click install is a checkbox for disabling ASLR for all the commands. Check it. Now the underlying fork will work. Thus all of git once again works.

You can also laboriously do it manually like @Gabriel Bercea above, but this is simpler and will not miss some use case.