Angular Material version 21 has a bit of support for utility classes:

@include mat.system-classes();

will generate classes like these:

.mat-bg-primary {
  background-color: var(--mat-sys-primary);
}
.mat-bg-primary-container {
  background-color: var(--mat-sys-primary-container);
}
.mat-bg-secondary {
  background-color: var(--mat-sys-secondary);
}
...

see https://material.angular.dev/guide/theming#getting-started